老年公寓老人焦虑状态相关因素分析

Investigation the influential factors of anxiety state in the elderly rooming house

目的了解重庆市区某老年公寓老年人的焦虑情况,探讨老年公寓老人出现焦虑状态的流行病学特点及相关因素。方法采用随机抽样的方法,于2007年4月～6月对重庆市8个主城区各抽取1所老年公寓(≥65岁的老人)进行调查,调查工具为症状自评量表,汉密尔顿焦虑量表和一般项目调查表等。结果(1)性别、职业性质和教育程度三方面,健康组和疾病组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);(2)SCL-90量表中躯体化、焦虑、抑郁纬度,疾病组高于健康组,比较有统计学差异(P<0.01);HAMA量表中躯体性焦虑、精神性焦虑两因子,疾病组和健康组比较有统计学差异(P<0.001)。(3)经Logistic回归分析,老年公寓中年龄大、文化程度低、丧偶、有躯体疾病和性格内向的老年人焦虑状态明显。结论重庆市老人公寓老人焦虑状态明显;焦虑状态的发生与年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、躯体疾病及性格有关。

Objective To understand anxiety state of aged people in the elderly rooming house in Chongqing,to investigate the epidemiology characters and related factors of anxiety state.Methods A cross-sectional study was respectively conducted among the elderly people aged 65 years or above sampled from each elderly housing in Chongqing＇s eight primary districts.The cluster sampling method was based on the symptom checklist 90（SCL-90）,Hamilton anxiety scale（HAMA） and demographic questionnaire.Results （1） In the aspects of ender,profession and education,there were significant differences between the well-being elders and the diseased elders （P0.05）.（2） In the aspects of somatization,anxiety,depression in the SCL-90,there were significant differences between the well-being elders and the diseased elders （P0.01）.In the HAMA scale,the scores of somatic anxiety and psychic anxiety of the diseased elders were higher than those of the well-being elders （P0.001）.（3）The prevalence of anxiety state in the elderly rooming house was higher in older age,lower education,widowhood,physical disease and introrse character by Logistic regression.Conclusions The anxiety states of the well-being elders are lower than those of the diseased elders,it may be associated with age,educational background,marriage status,physical status and character.