论利益相关者合作逻辑下的公共危机治理——以汶川“5.12”地震为例

On Public Crisis Governance in the Logic of Cooperation among the Stakeholders

现实中应对公共危机的思路基本上遵循的是"全能国家"逻辑,该逻辑既与公共危机的特性不相符合,又过于简单,甚至扭曲了现代政府治理的制度特征,因而在危机管理的实践中成效不彰。本文立足于利益相关者分析,以汶川"5.12"地震为案例,认为要科学合理地应对日益频发的公共危机,应对思路就必须由"全能国家"逻辑下的政府单边治理向"利益相关者合作"逻辑下的复合治理转型。利益相关者合作逻辑下的公共危机治理的要义就在于通过利益相关者间多元角色的互动,充分发挥各利益相关者的主动性与合作精神,从而提高公共危机治理的效率与回应性。

In a risky society accompanied with globalization,the government-centered management pattern has been declined because of the characteristics of the public crisis,the compulsion character of traditional governmental pattern for crisis and the oneness character of the manager.The transformation from traditional governmental crisis management to modern governmental crisis governance can answer the public crisis more scientifically and rationally.The transition of public crisis governance is not only necessary but also possible.And the stake-holder pattern of public crisis governance provides a explicit manipulation directory for that,that is we must bring the stake-holders＇ positivity into full play and realize the compound governance.