大连市医用X射线工作者健康状况动态观察

Dynamic Observation on Health Condition of Medical X-ray Workers in Dalian City

目的为了保障放射工作人员的健康,观察长期接触小剂量照射对放射工作人员的影响,为职业病诊断提供基础资料。方法应用前瞻性流行病学研究方法,对大连市从事医用X射线工作人员进行4年的观察研究分析内在变化及影响因素,同时选取非接触射线的人群进行对照。结果医用X射线工作人员神经衰弱综合征、手部损伤发生率、眼晶体混浊、及外周血象、微核异常率及染色体畸变率等指标明显高于对照组,经统计学分析,差异有统计学意义。结论长期小剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员健康具有一定的影响,加强放射防护工作,定期健康监护,贯彻职业病防治法对保证放射工作人员健康与安全尤为重要。

[Objective]To observe the effect of long-term exposure of low-dose radiation on workers so as to ensure their health,and provide basic information for the diagnosis of occupational diseases.[Methods]Prospective study was adopted to observe medical X-ray workers in Dalian City for 4 years.The internal changes and influencing factors were studied,selecting workers without radiation exposure for control study.[Results]The indicators such as neurasthenic syndrome,the incidence of hand injuries,eye lens opacity rate,peripheral blood,abnormal rate of micronucleus and chromosome aberration rate of medical X-ray workers were significantly higher than those of control group,the differences were significant.[Conclusion]Long-term exposure of low-dose radiation has a certain effect on workers＇ health.It is important to strengthen radiological protection,to regular health monitoring,to implement the ＂Occupational Disease Prevention Law＂,and ensure the health and safety of radiation workers.