探究民法中债权人撤销权的行使范围问题

Explore the exercise scope of the right of creditors to withdraw in Civil Law

作为债的担保之一的撤销权制度,其中的重要内在涵义即通过撤销债务人的不当的积极行为,恢复债务人的责任财产,以担保全体一般债权人的债权。但由于现实中对其的把握不当,或虽然深解其意,但无法克服实际操作中的众多技术上的瓶颈,导致了撤销权于司法审判中被适用的程度和频率都要远远小于同为债的担保之一的代位权制度。而在众多问题中,撤销权的行使范围争议最大,其究竟是行使撤销权的债权人享有的债权额,还是全体债权人的债权额,亦或是债务人不法处分的财产额。本文将通过对撤销权内在涵义的分析,权衡以上三种标准的利弊,进而提出立法建议。

As one of the securities of debt, the avoidance system, the key content of it is through the revocation of the debtor＇s inappropriate positive behavior to restore the debtor＇s responsible property to secure the claims of all general debtors. However, the inappropriate grasp of reality, or nonovercoming the many technological bottlenecks in the practical operation except for the deep understanding, led to the application in the extent and frequency of avoidance of justice should be much smaller than the right of subrogation. Among the problems, the exercise scope of the right to withdraw is the most controversial, whether it was the debt amount of the creditors who exercise withdraw, the debt amount of all the creditors, or the illegal disposition of property of the debtor. This article through the analysis of the meaning of the right to withdraw, weighed the pros and cons of these three criteria, then made legislative recommendations.