不同蜂种授粉对洋葱种子产量与质量的影响

Effect of Pollination by Different Bee Species on Yield and Quality of Seeds of Onion

[目的]为提高洋葱种子质量与产量。[方法]测定上午、下午洋葱花的泌蜜量、糖浓度,以及上午与下午采集花粉的中蜂、意蜂的数量;测定中蜂采集花粉、意蜂采集花粉、中蜂与意蜂协同采集花粉、对照组(无蜂种采集花粉)的洋葱种子产量。[结果]洋葱花上午泌蜜量多,下午很少甚至不泌蜜;上午采集花粉的蜂种多于下午的。采集花粉的中蜂明显多于意蜂,协同采集的中蜂与意蜂最多。中蜂与意蜂协同授粉,能够提高洋葱种子产量,达1.4891g,意蜂与中蜂单独授粉时,洋葱种子的产量相当。[结论]中蜂与意蜂协同授粉有助于提高洋葱种子质量与产量。

[Objective] The study aimed to improve the yield and quality of onion seeds. [Method] The nectar volume and sugar concentration of onion flowers in the morning and afternoon were determined; the yield of onion seeds of chinese bees group,italian bees,cooperative pollination by Chinese bees and Italian bees groups,CK were determined. [Result] The results showed that onion flowers excrete much honey in the morning,but few or even none in the afternoon. The bee species of collecting pollen in the morning more than that of in the afternoon; the Chinese bees of collecting pollen was more than that of Italian bees,the quantity of cooperative pollination of Chinese bees and Italian bees reached most. Cooperative pollination by Chinese bees and Italian bees could enhance the yield of onion seeds,which reached 1.489 1 g,onion seeds had the equivalent yield when Chinese bees and Italian bees pollinated individually. [Conclusion] Cooperative pollination by Chinese bees and Italian bees could enhance the yield of onion seeds.