山东省海(咸)水入侵演化趋势与防治对策探讨

Study on Evolution Trend and Protection Countermeasures of Sea(salt) Water Intrusion in Shandong Province

山东省海(咸)水入侵主要有面状、带状、脉状或树枝状和越流等4种入侵方式。气候、地形地貌、地质与水文地质、风暴潮是发生海(咸)水入侵的自然因素;地下水超采、上游修建蓄水工程、发展海水养殖、扩建盐田、河道采砂和海岸带工程建设等人为因素是诱发海(咸)水入侵的主要原因。提出了工程措施和非工程措施两种防治海(咸)水入侵的对策。

Sea （salt） water intrusion in Shandong province are mainly composed of four types, they are planar type, ribbon type, vein type and leaky type. Climate, topography, geology, hydrogeology and storm are natural elments which caused sea （salt） water intrusion; while other human factors, such as over- exploitation of underground water, construction of water storage in upstream, the development of mariculture, expansion of salt field, sand excavation and coastal construction projects are major elements which induced sea （salt） water intrusion. It is put forward that engineering countermeasures and non- engineering countermeasures are two kinds of mehtods for protecting sea （salt） water intrusion.