中国媒介制度变迁与社会变迁的关联和互动

Association and interaction between institutional change and social change from the history of Chinese media

为重新梳理和认识媒介体制与国家政治体制的关系,运用制度演化理论纵观中国百年来新闻发展史,审视中国媒介制度变迁与社会变迁的关系。分析认为,在中国这一百多年的社会转型过程中,每一种政治模式都对应着一种媒介体制;媒介制度的演变往往与学校教育、社会团体的发达程度以及工商业的兴盛保持一种同步演化的关系;媒介制度系统内外的"制度耦合性"可以解释中国媒介制度变迁的层次性与规律性。

The media structure of the system is deeply ＂embedded＂ in society＇s political, economic and cultural environment. It maintains a high degree of relevance between the changes of social, political or economic changes. With the strong coupling between political system and the media system, the later depends largely on the former. The analysis shows that every kind of political model corresponds to a media system in one hundred years of social transformation. In addition to political institutional arrange- ments, the evolution of media institution keeps a synchronous relations with school education, level of development of social groups, as well as the rise of industry and commerce. The system ＂coupling＂ in the system inside and outside can explain the level and regularity of China＇s media system evolution.