物流价值链的产生及构成机理研究——以家电物流模式为背景

The Mechanism of Construction and Generation of Logistics Value Chain——Taking the Home Appliances as the Background

多年来,我国家电企业的竞争以价格战为主,试图通过降低成本来提高竞争力。随着"家电下乡"政策的普及和深入,家电产品无论采用连锁销售模式还是区域销售模式进行分销,都会导致物流成本较高,且难以快速响应市场需求。而家电企业将物流业务外包,也仅仅是把物流成本及风险间接转嫁到了第三方物流服务提供商、下游渠道商及最终顾客身上,不能从根本上解决问题。因此,可借鉴物流价值链思想,由第三方物流企业、家电企业、家电分销企业与客户共同构成物流价值链联盟,将价值链管理方法导入家电物流活动进行价值创造活动,使顾客从最终产品消费中得到物流价值链各环节各项活动所创造价值的有机和,同时物流价值链各环节从创造物流价值这一终极层面,用统揽全局的思想促使物流效率与效果达到最优,使家电产品物流链条上的每个部分都实现价值增值,形成多方共赢的局面。

During the recent years, competition among China＇s home appliances companies is the price competition. In implementing the programs for bringing home appliances to the countryside, the logistics cost will be higher than before regardless of what kind of pattern of selling they adopted. By outsourcing, these companies can transfer the logistics cost and risk to the 3PL service provider, the downstream channel and the end users. But the problem of high cost can not be fundamentally solved. So by learning from the thought of logistics value chain, we could establish an alliance of logistics value chain that composed of the 3PL companies, home appliances companies and the distribution companies, introduce value chain management into home appliances operation to encourage value creation, and make the customers to obtain the integrated value created in different section of logistic value chain by consuming the end product. Meanwhile, the logistic efficiency and effect could be optimized; every component involved in the home appliances logistic chain could be value added; and the win-win situation could be established.