尿素直接醇解法合成碳酸二甲酯的研究进展

ADVANCES IN SYNTHESIS OF DIMETHYL CARBONATE BY ALCOHOLYSIS OF UREA

介绍了尿素直接醇解制备碳酸二甲酯反应(DMC)的热力学研究进展。对催化精馏、去除氨气工艺以及高沸点共催化剂、热耦精馏、脂肪二元醇循环剂的应用进行了综述,评价了不同催化体系包括金属化合物、单质金属、多聚磷酸、有机酸盐、有机金属化合物、负载型催化剂和离子液体催化剂的优缺点。此外,还指出了尿素直接醇解法合成DMC生产路线目前存在的问题,并对前景做了展望。

The recent progresses in dimethyl carbonate （DMC） synthesis by alcoholysis of urea in terms of thermodynamic analysis is reviewed, with the focuses on the catalytic distillation process, thermally coupled distillation technology, removing ammonia, high boiling point co catalysts and aliphatie binary alcohol system. The advantages and disadvantages of the catalysts such as metal compounds, metallic catalysts, polyphosphoric acid catalysts, organic acid salt catalysts, organometallie catalysts, supported catalysts and ion liquids are evaluated. In addition, the existing problems and the prospect of dimethyl carbonate synthesis from methanol and urea are presented.