实验室培养日本大螯蜚在锦州湾沉积物毒性检测中的应用研究

Toxicity Testing of Jinzhou Bay Sediments With Amphipod Species Grandidierella japonica Cultured in Laboratory

为测试实验室20℃恒温条件下连续培养的端足类日本大螯蜚(Grandidierella japonica)作为沉积物毒性检测受试生物的可行性,通过10 d沉积物急性毒性实验,研究了锦州湾不同沾污沉积物中日本大螯蜚的死亡率变化.实验结果表明:实验室恒温培养的各代日本大螯蜚对沾污沉积物毒性的反应大部分站位不存在显著性差异;野生个体对沾污沉积物毒性的反应大部分站位与实验室培养的个体不存在显著性差异.根据日本大螯蜚对沉积物毒性检测结果将锦州湾分成3个部分:重污染区;污染区;污染效应不明显区.该结果与湾内沉积物中化学污染物质量浓度分布趋势吻合.表明实验室恒温培养的端足类日本大螯蜚是进行沉积物毒性检验的良好受试生物.

This study aimed to examine the feasibility of using Grandidierella japonica cultured in laboratory at 20 ℃ constant temperature as test organisms for assessing toxicity of marine sediment. In 10-day sediment acute toxicity tests, the variation of mortality of G. japonica in contaminants sediments from Jinzhou Bay was determined. The result showed that there was no significantly difference of mortality amongst G. japonica from f1, f2 ,f3 ,f4 generation in the great mass of locations （ except location 1 and 2）. There was no significantly difference of mortality between G. japonica from field collected and lab cultured in the great mass of locations （except location 1 and 2）. Depending on the results of sediment acute toxicity test, the transaction investigated in Jinzhou Bay may be divided into three sections to assess the sediment quality： heavily polluted area （location 1 and 2） ; polluted area （location 3 and 4） ; relativity natural area （location 5 and 6）. The variance trend of the sediment toxieities to G. japonica was coincident with the distribution trend of the contaminants in the sediment. G. japonica euhured in laboratory was ideal testing organism for sediment toxicity test.