豫综5号玉米群体产量性状轮回选择改良效果分析

Improvement effect on the grain yield in maize population Yu Syn5 by recurrent selection

以半姊妹和相互半姊妹轮回选择改良的豫综5号5个轮次群体为材料,通过2点产量比较试验,对豫综5号群体产量及穗部性状的改良效果进行了比较研究.结果表明,随着改良轮次的增加,豫综5号群体的单株产量逐轮提高,平均每轮提高6.36%,其中,半姊妹轮回选择改良的3轮群体平均每轮提高6.30%,相互半姊妹轮回选择的改良群体提高5.51%,群体产量的变异系数从15.4%下降到12.8%,基本符合选择预期效果,群体内仍有较丰富的变异,说明2种选择方法对群体单株产量的改良是有效的.对改良群体穗部性状的比较发现,穗长和行粒数分别提高5.27%和9.96%.说明穗长和行粒数的改良效果明显,它们的提高是群体单株产量提高的主要因素.本研究还对相互轮回选择的方法和豫综5号群体改良利用等问题进行了探讨.

Maize（Zea mays L.） populations Yu Syn5 selected via half-sib recurrent selection（HS-RS） and half-sib reciprocal recurrent selection（HS-RRS） were assessed for changes in grain yield per plant and ear traits by field trials in two locations.The results showed that as the recurrent selection program proceeded from C0 to C4,there were gradual increasing tendency in grain yield per plant of populations and average increase by 6.36% per cycle,in which the average increase for HS-RS and HS-RRS improved populations was 6.36% and 5.51% per cycle respectively,although the coefficient of variation was slight decreasing from 15.4%（C0） to 12.8%（C4）,which suggested that both methods could effectively improve the grain yield per plant of Yu Syn5 per se.The comparison with the ear traits of the different populations showed that ear length and kernal nubmer per ear row increased by 5.27% and 9.96% from C0 to C4 populations respectively,which suggested that the reason of increase of grain yield per plant for improved populations was predominantly contributed to increase of ear length and kernal nubmer per ear row.Some of the questions about how to use the RRS method and how to further improve and utilize population Yu Syn5 are discussed.