经验论的自由化——重审逻辑经验主义的后期发展

On the Liberalization of Empiricism——Reconsidering the Late Development of Logical Empiricism

后期逻辑经验主义在实用主义等哲学的影响下,构造了自由化的经验论。一方面,后期逻辑经验主义反思了传统经验论的三大教条,弱化乃至部分消解了观察与理论、分析与综合以及事实与价值的界限;另一方面,后期逻辑经验主义根据更为自由的命题意义标准,凸显科学概念框架的历史性,强调科学哲学与科学实践的紧密关联。经验论的自由化,不仅开启了科学文化哲学的研究进路,而且也为当代科学哲学克服相对主义和非理性主义提供了宝贵的思想遗产。

Influenced by pragmatism and other philosophical schools, the late philosophy of logical empiricism constituted the liberalized empiricism. On one hand, the late philosophy of logical empiricism meditated upon the three dogmas of traditional empiricism, weakened ov even partly resolved the sharp dichotomies between observation/theory, analysis/synthesis, and fact/value. On the other hand, in terms of the more liberal meaningful criteria of proposition, the late philosophy of logical empiricism protruded the historicity of conceptual framework of science, emphasized upon the intimate relationship between philosophy of science and scientific practice. The liberalization of empiricism not only initi- ates the humanized approach to philosophy of science, but also provides the precious intellectual legacy to the contemporary scientific philosophy which devotes itself to overcome the relativism and anti-rationalism.