技术与自由——论马尔库塞的技术审美化思想

An Interpretion of Marcuse's Reflecting on Aesthetics of Technology

技术时代人的自由解放是马尔库塞技术哲学思索的中心问题。马尔库塞指出,技术时代的美学通过将审美艺术内在化和俗化已全然丧失其批判性和超越性的维度,从而成为压抑人的自由,为不合理社会辩护的工具。他的技术美学所要探讨的不是人们的审美技巧,而是人的生存意义和生存方式。他把"审美"作为人的一种本真性的思维方式和存在方式,这旨在强调:人类必须用一种新的审美感知方式取代技术性的感知方式来"认识"和"对待"自然和我们生活于其中的世界。也就是说,人类要培养一种"新感性",使压抑人的技术艺术化。

Man＇freedom in the era of technology are becoming the focus of Marcuse＇s philosophy of technology. The aesthetics in the era of technology has losing it＇s spirit of criticism and transcendence by internetizing and vulgarizating aesthetic arts, and becoming the tool of depriving Man＇s freedom and detating non-rational society. As a result, Marcuse＇s aesthetics of technology reflect not the aesthetic skill, but Man＇s realm and way of living. He want to express the idea that Man must understand and treat the world,in which we live,in a new aesthetic pereetion that different from the technological reason, through his aesthetics of ontology. In other words,Man must have a new sensibity and aesthetic trend of technology.