生物反馈过程心电及脑电信号的非线性分析

A nonlinear analysis of electrocardiographic and electroencephalographic signals during biofeedback

目的探讨肌电生物反馈过程中脑电、心电信号的变化规律及其非线性机制。方法以线性及非线性动力学参数——近似熵和互近似熵分析肌电生物反馈过程中的肌电、心电和脑电信号的变化规律及其相互联系：结果生物反馈训练可使肌电振幅明显降低[生物反馈组（0．38±0．15）μV、对照组（0．57±0．18）μV，P〈0．05]、心电近似熵明显升高[分别为：（0．80±0．19）、（0．64±0．08），P〈0．05]；脑电近似熵以FP1和FP2导联升高显著（P〈0．05）；FP1（生物反馈组0．48±0．16；对照组0．31±0．10）和FP2（生物反馈组0．43±0．14；对照组0．27±0．12）导联的脑电-心电互近似熵也显著升高（P〈0．05）：结论生物反馈过程中FP1和FP2导联（对应大脑额极）的电活动增加，提示额极可能是生物反馈过程中大脑有意识凋节内脏功能的中枢整合部位；

Objective To study the regularity of changes of electroeneephalographic（EEG） and electroeardiographic（ECG） signals during electromyographic （EMG） biofeedback and the nonlinear mechanism underlying it. Methods With the linear and nonlinear dynamics parameters-approximate entropy （ApEn） and cross approximate entropy （Cross-ApEn）, the regularity and nonlinear correlation existed in electromyographic, electrocardiographic and electroeneephalographie signals acquired during EMG hiofeedbaek were assessed. Results EMG biofeedback training reduced EMG amplitude significantly （ biofeedback group （0.38 ± 0. 15 ） μV, control group （ 0.57 ± 0. 18 ） μV, P 〈 0.05 ）, and remarkably increased ECG ApEn （ biofeedback group （0.80 ± 0.19 ）, control group （0.64 ± 0.08 ） , P 〈 0.05 ） ; the EEG ApEn at lead FP1 and FP2 increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） , and the value of Cross-ApEn between ECG-EEG signals at leads FPI （ biofeedback group （0.48 ± 0. 16） , control group （0.31 ± 0. 10）, P 〈 0.05 ） and FP2 （ biofeedback group （0.43 ± 0.14）, control group （0.27 ± 0.12 ）, P 〈 0.05 ） also increased significantly. Conclusions The increase of electric activity at lead FP1 and FP2 （ at the frontal pole of brain） during hiofeedbaek indicates that the frontal pole participates in the intentional modulation of visceral function, and it might be an integral region in the central nervous system during biofeedback ; Nonlinear analysis might be a novel pathway to clarify the mechanism underlying biofeedback.