外周血干细胞移植治疗神经系统疾病：可能,可行与可信

Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for treating nervous system disease:Possibility,feasibility,and confidence

背景:外周血干细胞可转分化成各种神经细胞,产生多种神经营养因子,而且已经在一些神经系统疾病的试验治疗中取得了可喜效果,如何优化其培养条件,使其扩增并定向分化成为研究热点。目的:就近年来外周血干细胞在脑损伤、遗传缺陷性或退行性疾病的研究和应用进行综述。方法:应用计算机以peripheral blood stem cell,neural,repair为检索词,检索Pubmed数据库(1999-01/2009-09);应用计算机以外周血干细胞、神经、修复为检索词,检索中国期刊网全文数据库(1999-01/2009-09)。结果与结论:共收集221篇关于外周血干细胞方面的文献,中文41篇,英文180篇,排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究,纳入27篇符合标准的文献。外周血干细胞能在体外扩增,转分化成各种神经细胞,可以到达中枢神经系统的神经受损处,分化成类神经元,并改善受损区域的相关功能。关于外周血干细胞的分化机制目前了解不是很充分,但是大量研究表明外周血干细胞具有的表面标记抗原与其生物学特征密切相关。虽然关于外周血干细胞表面标记物的研究有许多,但是研究人员一直无法确定一个可靠的可以直接标记外周血干细胞的标志。由于CD34功能尚未明确,一直被公认为参与早期造血CD34是造血干细胞的标志物的理论近年受到挑战。如何提高外周血干细胞在体内的成活率,以及提高其向神经元样细胞定向分化等问题还需进一步分析。

BACKGROUND： Peripheral blood stem cells （PBSCs） can be enhanced and differentiates into all kinds of neural cells and produce several kinds of neural growth factors in vitro, and have been used to treat several kinds of neural diseases and they showed satisfactory outcomes. It is now a research focus to optimize the culture conditions to induce the stem cell to differentiate into neural cells. On the other hand, it also becomes a focus of its amplification and differentiation. OBJECTIVE： To make a review on researches on treating brain lesion, genetic defection or degenerating diseases using PBSCs during recent years. METHODS： Researching Pubmed database（1999-01/2009-09）, using ＂peripheral blood stem cell, neural, repair＂ as research words and these Chinese words in CNKI database（1999-01/2009-09）. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： 221 articles were collected altogether including 41 Chinese articles and 180 English articles. Totally 27 articles were adapted altogether after rejecting published early, repeat and similar articles. PBSCs can be enhanced and differentiates into all kinds of neural cells in vitro, and delivered into central neural system and improve the function of lesion neural area. It is not fully understood the differentiation mechanism of peripheral blood stem cells, but numerous studies have shown that surface marker antigen of peripheral blood stem cells is closely associated with its biological characteristics. There are many studies addressing surface marker of peripheral blood stem cells, but researchers cannot identify a reliable marker that can directly label peripheral blood stem cells. Function of CD34 remains unclear, so the principle of CD34 as a marker of hematopoietic stem cells receives challenge. It is necessary to do further researches on issues on how to enhance survival rate of PBSCs in vivo and the tendency to differentiate into neural cells.