纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合材料的制备及发展趋势

Preparation and development of nano-hydroxyapatite/chotisan composites

背景:纳米羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性,被广泛应用于骨组织的修复与替代技术,但脆性太大限制了其在承载部位骨替换中的应用。纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合材料因具备优良的生物相容性和合适的力学性能,已逐渐成为骨替代材料的研究热点。目的:对纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合材料的制备方法及其发展趋势进行综述。方法:应用计算机检索Medline数据库(1995-01/2009-03),以"nano-hydroxyapatite,chitosan,preparation,development trend"为检索词;应用计算机检索维普数据库(1995-01/2009-03)、清华同方数据库(1995-01/2009-03),以"纳米羟基磷灰石、壳聚糖、制备方法、发展趋势"为检索词。结果与结论:共收集2034篇相关文献,中文1634篇,英文670篇。排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究,纳入37篇符合标准的文献。纳米尺寸的羟基磷灰石与壳聚糖复合而成的新型材料,由于在结构上与天然骨更为接近,纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料比相应的微米复合材料具有更好的生物学性能;同时优化材料的组成、结构和工艺将可能得到力学性能与天然骨更为匹配的骨修复材料。文章综述了近年来国内外羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合材料的制备方法,随着生物材料的快速发展,羟基磷灰石复合材料被广泛应用于骨组织修复与替代手术中,但由于其具有传统陶瓷固有的力学性能差的缺点,限制了它在临床上的应用。

BACKGROUND：Nano-hydroxyapatite has been widely used as reconstructive and prosthetic material for osseous tissue,owing to its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity.But,its brittleness is one of the most serious obstacles for its wider applications as load-bearing implants.Therefore,hydroxyapatite/chitosan composites have been widely studied as bone substitute,due to their excellent biocompatibility and suitable mechanical properties.OBJECTIVE：To review various preparation methods of hydroxya patite/chitosan composites and the development trend in this field.METHODS：Articles were searched in Medline Database（1995-01/2009-03）,VIP Database（1995-01/2009-03） and ＂qinghuatongfang＂Database（1995-01/2009-03） with the keywords of＂nano-hydroxyapatite,chitosan,preparation,development trend＂.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Total 2 034 related articles were collected,including 1 634 in Chinese and 670 in English.Following excluding earlier published,duplicate,and similar studies,we brought into 37 sub-standard literatures.Hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite in nanometer size,with similar structure as natural bone,has better biological function compared with corresponding micrometer composite.Simultaneously,optimized material composition,structure and technology will obtain more suitable bone substitute in mechanical property compared with natural bone.This paper reviews preparation methods at home and abroad in recent years,with the rapid development of biological materials,hydroxyapatite composite materials have been wisely used in bone tissue repair and replacement surgery,but its poor mechanical properties limits its clinical application.