个体化股骨模型的建立

Establishment of an individualized femoral model

背景:个体化股骨模型的建立,能够准确、完整地描述出股骨的立体结构,有助于测量股骨的解剖形态,这样的模型有统一的密度和机械性能,去除了个体之间性别、年龄、种族、骨质疏松程度、是否有骨病等混杂因素,用于生物力学测试更有意义。目的:寻找一种精确建立个体化股骨模型的方法。方法:在天津医科大学总医院选取健康男性志愿者1例,采用16排螺旋CT对全股骨沿横断面连续扫描,在Mimics中重建符合Dicom3.0标准的CT图像,用UG软件对工件进行分型,用cimatron数控编程软件排序,而后设置数控加工原点坐标系,装夹、校正工件并生成刀轨制作出模具。通过点云的方法比较模具制作出的模型和原股骨。结果及结论:制作出了个体化的股骨模型,点云比较结果显示误差在允许的范围内。此建立股骨模型的方法是可取的,能够实现预定的要求。

BACKGROUND： Establishment of individual femoral model can describe the stereochemical structure of femoral accurately, which is conductive to measuring femoral anatomic forms. This model possesses unified standard, and removing the potential confounding factors, thus, it is more suitable for biomechanical test. OBJECTIVE： To explore a method for establishing an accurate individual femoral model. METHODS： A male, healthy, volunteer was selected from General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, and the cross section of femur was successive scanned by 16 slice CT. In accordance with Dicom 3.0 standard, the CT image was reconstructed using Mimics software to establish the space model, and UG software was used to type on the workpiece, and cimatron software was used to sort, then set the coordinate system of computer numerical control machining, clamp and correct the workpiece to produce mold toolpath, so the mold was established. The femur model made by mould was compared with the femur by the method of point cloud. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： An individual femur model was produced. The comparison results of point cloud showed that error was in allowing range. This is an advisable method to make a femoral model, which can achieve predetermined requirement.