广州地区医院心内科患者心血管危险因素及临床用药流行病学调查

Epidemiological study of the cardiovascular risk factors and clinical medications in patients with cardiovascular diseases in Guangzhou hospitals

目的研究1995年与2005年广州地区心内科患者心血管病危险因素及临床用药变化情况。方法采用整群抽样和非随机抽样的方法对1995年和2005年广州地区9家三甲医院心内科住院病人心血管病危险因素及用药情况进行流行病学调查分析。结果2005年高血压、Ⅱ型糖尿病、高甘油三酯血症患病率较1995年增加,而2005年高胆固醇血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症、高低密度脂蛋白血症患病率较1995年下降;1995年1级(轻度)高血压人数百分比较2005年下降,2级(中度)高血压人数在2005年所占百分比较1995年上升;2005年血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)、β受体阻滞剂、利尿剂、抗血小板药(阿司匹林、氯吡格雷)使用率比1995年显著增加,同时他汀类降脂药2005年使用率较1995年也明显增加。结论广州10年来心内科患者心血管病危险因素及临床用药有显著性变化,血压、血糖、血浆甘油三酯控制不理想。ACEI、ARB、β受体阻滞剂、利尿剂、阿司匹林、氯吡格雷、他汀类降脂药在心血管病的使用迅速增加,成为一线用药。

Objective To study the cardiovascular risk factors and clinical medications in patients with cardiovascular disease in Guangzhou hospitals.Methods Cluster sampling and non-random sampling methods were used to analyze the cardiovascular risk factors and clinical medications among the 6691 inpatients with cardiovascular diseases in the department of cardiology of 9 large general hospitals in Guangzhou during 1995-2005.Results Compared with the data in 1995,the incidences of hypertension,type 2 diabetes,and hypertriglyceridemia increased while hypercholesteremia,elevated low-density lipoprotein,and low high-density lipoprotein levels decreased in 2005.The percentage of patients with level 1（mild） hypertension was lower while that of patients with level 2（moderate） hypertension higher in 2005 than in 1995.The percentages of use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors（ACEI）,angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist（ARB）,β-blockers,diuretics,and anti-platelet drugs（aspirin,clopidogrel）,as well as statins lipid-lowering drugs,increased significantly in 2005 as compared with those in 1995.Conclusions The cardiovascular risk factors and clinical medications underwent significant changes in Guangzhou hospitals in the period from 1995 to 2005,and the blood pressure,blood glucose,hypertriglyceridemia of the patients did not appear to be well controlled.The application rate of ACEI,ARB,β-blockers,diuretics,aspirin,clopidogrel and statins increased rapidly for treatment of cardiovascular diseases,and these drugs have become the first-line drugs.