新疆玛依勒山及周边地区鼠疫监测结果分析

Analysis of Plague Surveillance in Mayle Mountain and Its Around Area in Xinjiang

目的继已发现的鼠疫疫源线索,查清其波及的范围分布,做好前瞻性预报预警,防止人间鼠疫的发生和蔓延。方法疫区向周边放射,在4个不同的生态环境区布夹捕鼠,踏查、收集自毙、萎靡、腐败材料进行血清病原学监测。结果进一步明确了在A区鼠疫的主要宿主、传播媒介以及所波及的范围等流行特征。结论依据在A区分别从大沙鼠、臀突客蚤中各分离出的3株鼠疫菌,在B区发现的鼠疫F1抗原、抗体阳性结果,判定A区是近来新发现的大沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地,主要传播媒介是臀突客蚤,B区为疑似大沙鼠鼠疫疫区,但其流行和分布范围是否在扩大,以及是否有其他宿主和媒介的染疫有待未来证实。

Objective On the basis of found clues of plague,to ascertain the involved scope and distribution of plague in order to carry out prospective forecast and prewarning to prevent the outbreak and spread of human plague.Methods Around the focus,4 different ecological environments were investigated by catching rodents with clamps to collect self-dead,dispirited and decomposed materials for serum etiologic surveillance.Results The epidemiological characteristics such as principal hosts,transmitting vectors and involved scopes,etc.were further identified in A area.Conclusions According to the 3 strains of Yersina pestis from Rhombomys opimus and Xenopsylla minax in A area respectively,the positive results of F1 antigen and antibody of plague in B area,it is assessed that A area is a new Rhombomys opimus plague natural focus with main transmitting vector Xenopsylla minax,and B area is a suspicious Rhombomys opimus plague natural focus.It needs to confirm whether the prevalence and distribution are expanding or not,and whether there are the other infected hosts and vectors.