论无船承运人的信用风险及其规避方法

On the credit risks of non-vessel ocean common carrier and countermeasures of risk aversion

无船承运业务经营者,又名无船承运人(NVOCC),是国际货运代理经营者之一。无船承运人具有承运人和托运人双重身份,这使得其在整个操作流程中,包括合同的签订、单证的制作、费用的收付等方面都存在信用风险。明确自身的信用风险,研究规避风险的方法对规范无船承运人的操作,对降低无船承运人的经营成本具有重要意义。目前业界对无船承运人信用风险的研究还较少,本文试从无船承运人的角度来论述自身面对的信用风险及探讨其在业务流程中规避风险的方法。

Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier （NVOCC） is a type of international freight forwarders that has dual identities of both consignor and consignee. The responsibilities from these two roles exert on NVOCC high credit risks arising from contract signing, document issuing or payment of expenses. To keep a close eye on these credit risks and know of the measures to avoid them are of great significance for standardizing operation and saving cost of NVOCC. The industry has done quite limited research on this area. This article describes the credit risks faced by NVOCC and how to guard against these risks in operation.