容器形状对液体内声波的影响

The influence of container's shape on the sound in liquid

在考虑液体介质的黏热性以及非线性的基础上,结合容器形状对液体传声特性的影响,推导并得到了包含容器形状因素在内的一维声传播方程,同时利用频域展开和数值分析方法,探讨了不同形状容器中介质内声场分布.设容器具有轴对称性,其形状有圆柱、锥状和指数形.数值计算结果表明,在同样的声激励条件下,容器形状影响介质内声压幅值大小和分布,而声源位于指数形容器大端时影响更为明显.不同形状的容器中液体内的声波均具有非线性驻波特征.

The one-dimensional acoustic wave equation is obtained by taking the effects of nonlinearity,viscosity,thermal conductivity and container＇s shape into account.The distribution of sound field is researched in the liquid held in containers with different shape.The container is assumed to be of axisymmetric.The nonlinear spectral equations are integrated numerically.The results are presented for three geometries： a cylinder,a cone,and an exponential shape.In the same conditions of driving sound,the magnitude and distribution of pressure amplitudes depend on the container＇s shape and the situation is more distinct when the sound source is located at the big face of exponential container.The pressure distribution has the properties of nonlinear standing wave.