软骨组织工程基因转染技术中目的基因的研究与进展

Target gene study in gene transfer technology of cartilage tissue engineering

目的:阐述软骨组织工程中的基因转染技术及其应用的研究现状,对目的基因的种类和选择进行,并提出其进一步应用的前景。方法:以cartilage tissue engineering,gene transfer为检索词,检索Science Direct数据库(2003-01/2009-04);以软骨组织工程,基因转染为检索词,检索CNKI数据库(2003-01/2009-04)。文献检索语种限制为英文和中文。纳入与软骨组织工程基因转染相关的内容,包括临床和基础研究;排除重复研究和明显不符合标准的文章。观察软骨细胞的分化情况及基因表达情况。结果:计算机初检得到90篇文献,根据纳入排除标准,对软骨组织工程中的基因转染技术和基因的种类和选择进行分析。基因转染技术在软骨组织工程领域有着广阔的应用前景。选择哪些与软骨修复相关的基因作为转染的目的基因,是软骨组织工程中亟待解决的课题。目前用于研究的目的基因主要分为刺激软骨细胞增殖分化和基质形成、抑制软骨细胞肥大和成骨分化、抗炎性反应、抑制衰老和抑制凋亡这几大类。结论:选择适当的目的基因,并用安全的基因转染方法进行软骨修复具有特别重要的意义。基因转染技术能否应用于临床将取决于是否能构建出安全有效的载体、目的基因和转染系统。

OBJECTIVE： To elaborate cartilage tissue engineering in the gene transfer technology and its application, in addition, to make a prospects for its further application. METHODS： The database of Science Direct database （2003-01/2009-04） and CNKI （2003-01/2009-04） were retrieved with key words of ＂cartilage tissue engineering, gene transfer＂. The literature was limited to English and Chinese languages. Literatures concerning cartilage tissue engineering in the gene transfer technology were selected, including clinical research and basic research. Other unrelated papers were excluded. Chondrocyte differentiation and gene expression were observed. RESULTS： A total of 90 literatures were searched by computer, according to inclusive and exclusive criteria, the papers regarding cartilage tissue engineering in the gene transfection and gene types and options were analyzed. Gene transfer technology in the field of cartilage tissue engineering has broad application prospects. How to select genes associated with cartilage repair as the transfected gene need urgent solution. Currently, the used target gene can be divided into following categories, including stimulated cartilage cell proliferation and differentiation, matrix formation, inhibit chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteoblast differentiation, anti-inflammatory response, inhibit senescence and inhibit apoptosis. CONCLUSION： It has a special significance to select the appropriate target genes, and to use a safe gene transfer method to repair cartilage. The clinical application of gene transfer technology is depended on the construction of safe and effective carriers, target genes, as well as transfection systems.