医用高分子载体材料在抗肿瘤药物中的应用

Application of medical polymer carrier materials to anticancer drugs

背景:介绍医用高分子载体材料的种类及生物学特性,评价其在抗肿瘤药物中的应用。方法:用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(1990/2009)和Pubmed数据库(1990/2009),以"高分子材料,抗肿瘤药物,载体"或"polymer,anticancer drug,carrier"为检索词进行检索。纳入主题内容与医用高分子载体材料的生物学特性及其在抗肿瘤药物中的应用联系紧密的文章;排除Meta分析及重复性研究。结果:对文献进行筛选质量评价,共纳入24篇文章。从医用高分子载体材料的生物学特性及其在抗肿瘤药物中的应用进行总结。医用高分子载体材料是随着药物学研究、生物材料科学和临床医学的发展而新兴的给药技术。高分子材料优良的生物相容性、生物可降解性、降解速率的可调节性以及良好的可加工性能,都为药物制剂的创新提供了便利和可能。药物载体材料的结构,提高载药效率,以及它在体内的分布情况和生物降解性能、降解产物对机体的影响等问题都需要深入研究。抗肿瘤药物高分子载体的研究重点目前在于寻找选择性更强、疗效更好的载药材料。结论:医用高分子载体材料可以通过剂型改变,控制药物释放速度,从而使释放到体内的药物浓度比较稳定,还可以通过释放体系使药物送达体内特定部位,而对身体其他部位不起作用。

OBJECTIVE：To introduce the type and biological properties of medical polymer vehicle materials,and to evaluate its application in anticancer drugs.METHODS：A computer-based on-line research was performed in China Journal Full-text Database and Pubmed database published from 1990 to 2009.The Keywords were ＂polymer,anticancer drug,carrier＂.Articles concerning biological properties of medical polymer vehicle materials and its application in anticancer drugs were included.Meta analysis and repetitive studies were excluded.RESULTS：Quality of articles was assessed,and a total of 24 articles were included.Biological properties of medical polymer vehicle materials and its application in anticancer drugs were summarized.Medical polymer vehicle materials are novel technique with the development of pharmacological study,biomaterial study and clinical medicine.Good biocompatibility,biodegradability,regulation of degradation rate and good workability of polymer materials provided convenience and possibility for innovation of pharmaceutical preparation.Structure of drug carrier material,elevation of drug-loading efficiency,in vivo distribution,biodegradation function and effects of degradation product on bodies deserved further investigations.The study focus of anticancer drug high polymer carrier lies in the search of carrier materials with strong choice and good outcomes.CONCLUSION：Medical polymer carrier materials can control drug release speed by dosage form changes,which induced a stable drug concentration in vivo.The medical polymer carrier materials also can send drugs to a certain part of the body by release system,which cannot affect other regions in the body.