我国麻醉学模拟教育现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis of status in simulation education of anesthesiology of China

目的了解我国麻醉学模拟教育现状。方法2008年10月向全国29个省市自治区教学医院麻醉科主任发放调查问卷500份，采用统计学方法对反馈问卷进行分析处理。结果回收问卷61份，回收率12．2％。2％采用单纯理论学习方式对医学生和住院医师进行培训，52％为理论学习＋病例讨论，46％为理论学习＋病例讨论＋模拟教学。拥有的模拟教学设备依次排序为：基础生命支持BLS（79．6％）、临床麻醉技能培训模型（53．1％）和高级生命支持ALS（51．0％），拥有高端生理驱动模拟系统仅6家大型教学医院。对模拟教育评价结果显示，认为模拟教学具有应用前景为91．2％，符合医学伦理要求为90．1％，模拟医学教育部分贴近临床为86．0％。专家对模拟教育的了解程度依次排序为：操作纠错性（92．6％）、过程可控性（87．0％）、训练可调性（76．0％）和患者安全性（68．5％）。结论我国麻醉学模拟教育仍处于初级起步阶段；教育行政主管部门应加强麻醉学模拟教育在硬件和软件方面的支持。

Objective To investigate the status of simulation education of anesthesiology in China. Methods Five hundreds questionnaires were mailed to chairmen of department of anesthesiology in teaching hospitals in 29 provinces and autonomous regions in China. The retrieved questionnaires and data were processed and analyzed with statistics. Results Sixty one questionnaires were retrieved, and retrived rate is 12. 2%. The result indicated that the theory and knowledge of anesthesiology was adopted for the training of medical students and residents in 2% teaching hospitals, theory and knowledge of anesthesiology combined with problem-based learning discussion in 52% teaching hospitals, theory and knowledge of anesthesiology combined with problem-based learning discussion and simulation training in 46% teaching hospitals. The order of simulation devices possessed was as follows： Basic Life Support （BLS） （79.6%）, training model for clinical anesthesia techniques （53. 1% ） and Advances Life Support （ALS） （51.0%）. There were only six teaching hospitals utilized Human Patient Simulator for anesthesia training. The result of evaluation of simulation education showed that 91.2% anesthesiologists recognized it as applicable, 90.1% anesthesiologists recognized it as medical ethic requirement and 86. 0% anesthesiologists recognized it as partly close to clinical situation. The degree of cognition of anesthesiologists to simulation education was ordered as follows： manipulation correcting ability （92. 6% ）, procedure controllability （87.0%）, training adjustability （ 76. 0% ） and patients safety （ 68. 5% ）. Conclusion The simulation education of anesthesiology in China is still in the preliminary period. The executive departments of education should enhance supports to the simulation education in both hard ware and in soft ware.