电视胸腔镜在胸部肿瘤外科中的应用

Application of video assisted thoracic surgery for chest tumors： experience of 144 cases in a single institution

目的总结电视辅助胸腔镜外科（VATS）在胸部肿瘤外科的适应证和安全性。方法回顾分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院胸外科2009年1—11月连续144例胸部肿瘤住院病人VATS病例资料。结果全组无中转开胸病例。术后合并症发生率2．08％（3／144），病死率0．69％（1／144）。VATS肺叶切除与常规开胸肺叶切除两组的手术时间、术中淋巴结清扫数量、术后并发症发生率、院内病死率、总住院时间和术后住院时间无明显差别，而VATS组胸管留置时间少于常规开胸组，VATS组早期病例更多。VATS肺楔形切除与常规开胸肺楔形切除术两组的胸管留置时间、术后并发症、院内病死率和术后住院时间无明显差别，而VATS组手术时间和总住院时间均少于常规开胸组。结论VATS的并发症发生率和病死率是可以接受的。VATS肺叶切除术可以作为早期肺癌外科治疗的一种方案。对于肺楔形切除术，VATS优于常规开胸。

Objective To evaluate the indication and safety of video assisted thoracic surgery （VATS） for chest tumors. Methods Data of 144 consecutive patients receiving VATS between January and November 2009 in Cancer hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were retrospectively reviewed. Results There was no conversion to open thoracotomy. Overall morbidity rate was 2. 08% （3/144） and mortality rate was 0.69% （1/144）. There were no significant differences for operative time, number of nodal dissection, morbidity rate, mortality rate, overall hospitalization and postoperative length of stay between VATS lobectomy group and open thoracotomy （OT） lobectomy group. Chest tube duration was shorter in the VATS lobectomy group than OT lobectomy group and more early-stage lung cancer patients were found in VATS group. There were no significant differences for number of nodal dissection, chest tube duration, morbidity rate, mortality rate, and postoperative length of stay between VATS lung wedge resection group and OT lung wedge resection group. Operative time and overall hospitalization were shorter in the VATS wedge resection group than OT wedge resection group. Conclusion Morbidity and mortality rate of VATS were acceptable. VATS lobectomy can be used as an alternative surgical technique for early-stage lung cancer. For lung wedge resection, VATS was superior than OT.