语言使用与族群关系:五种类型分析

Language Use and Ethnic Relations:an Analysis of Five Types

本文通过对南非、前苏联、加拿大、美国、瑞士等五个多族群国家的语言使用情况的分析，表明：语言权利是族群确立合法地位的重要手段，无论是同化策略还是多元化策略，如果是靠外力的强迫去推行，则会遭到抵制甚至造成分离，而如果是建立在自愿、自由选择的基础上，则能够加强各族群之间的交融，维护国家的稳定和睦。

The paper analyzes the condition of language use in five countries such as south Africa, Ex-USSR,Canada,the United States and Swiss. It shows that language right is an important way to establish the lawful statuses of the ethnicities. If a nation wants to force the ethnicities into assimilation or pluralism by power,it will be boycotted and cause the separation. On the other hand,if a nation respects the wishes of each ethnicity and gives them free choice,it will benefit the nation stability.