单位团体献血运作的过程与机制 以北京市T大学为个案

The Operation Process and Mechanism of Group Blood Donation in Danwei:A Case Study of University T in Beijing

本文在中国社会结构转型和血液制度变迁的背景下,以T大学的一次"女生节"献血活动为关键案例,应用集体行动的有关理论,分析单位团体献血的运作过程和运作机制。本文认为自愿无偿献血的运作过程是一个意义框架建构和延伸的过程。无偿并非没有任何激励,只是淡化物质激励,更多地强调象征激励,即对符号、话语、意义、价值等的突出,这不仅表达了对献血者的尊重,也促进了献血框架的再生产。单位团体献血的有效运作有赖于单位内部的结构易得性,由于高校具有更强的结构易得性,自然成为团体献血的主体。

In the transformational context of China＇ s social structure and blood system, this paper takes the ＂Girl＇s Day＂ blood donation activity of University T as a critical case to apply collective action theories to the analysis of the operation process of group blood donation in Danwei. The operation process of voluntary blood donation without compensation is actually a process of constructing and extending the meaning frame. Providing no compensation does not mean free of incentives. It is to downplay material incentives but to promote symbolic incentives by highlighting symbols, discourses, significances, and values. This not only displays high regard for the blood donators but also reproduces frames for blood donation. Group blood donation in Dcenwei relies on structural accessibility inside Danwei. With such accessibility high in universities, universities have naturally become the main body for group blood donation.