植物甾醇提纯及单体分离工艺的研究进展

Advance on Purification of Phytosterol and Individual Separation Process

植物甾醇是天然无毒的活性物质,由于其具有多种生物活性功能而引起人们越来越多的重视。工业上特别是医药行业对高纯度的植物甾醇及其单体的需求越来越大,因此植物甾醇的提纯工艺和各种单体尤其是豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇的分离工艺是研究的重点。综述了植物甾醇提纯的工艺,包括溶剂结晶法、络合法、皂化法、分子蒸馏法、超临界CO2萃取法、吸附法(柱吸附法、高压流体吸附法)、酶法等;概述了以植物甾醇为原料分离甾醇单体的工艺,主要有化学法和物理法,着重介绍了物理法中利用溶剂结晶法富集豆甾醇或β-谷甾醇的研究概况。

Phytosterols are non-toxic natural substances.They are paid increasing attention for their bioactive functions.There are growing demands for high purity phytosterols and their monomer in industries,especially in medicine industry.Therefore,phytosterol researches are laid emphases on purification and separation.The process of extraction and purification of phytosterols can be conducted by either one among the solvent crystallization method,the complexing method,the saponification method,the molecular distillation method,the supercritical CO2 extraction method,the adsorption method（column adsorption and high pressure fluid adsorption）,the enzyme extraction,etc.The separation of individual phytosterols from the mixture by adopting chemical and physical methods is presented in this paper,emphasizing the advance on isolation of stigmasterol or β-sitosterol by dissolvent crystallization.