工伤康复患者心理健康调查及干预治疗的研究

To Study the Mental Situation of the Industrial Injury Worker and Their Treatment

目的通过对康复期住院的工伤职工心理健康调查,了解并分析他们的心理状况和影响因素,提出心理障碍的干预治疗措施。方法对自愿接受调查的康复期工伤职工212名进行心理健康调查,并按入组顺序随机分成心理干预治疗组和对照组,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)21项版本前17项和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)进行评定,对照组给予常规康复治疗,心理干预治疗组在常规康复治疗基础上,根据患者的不同情况给予心理干预治疗,出院前1周对两组患者再次进行HAMD、HAMA评定。结果分别有63.7%、42.5%的工伤职工存在不同程度上的抑郁、焦虑情绪;干预治疗后两组HAMD、HA-MA评分均明显好转(P<0.01),治疗组好转程度较对照组显著(P<0.01)。结论心理干预治疗后工伤康复职工焦虑、抑郁心理可得到明显改善。心理干预治疗是一项系统性的工程,需要个体、家庭、医院、政府、社会各个层面的配合与支持,才能取得最佳的治疗效果。心理干预治疗是解除心理障碍,促进患者全面康复的重要一环,对康复期工伤职工的心理干预治疗有着重要的现实意义。

Objective To study the mental situation of the Industrial injury worker in convalescence stage who were in hospital and their influencing factors,and to provide cure measure of mental disorder.Methods Totally 212 industrial injury worker were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.The worker were tested with HAMD and HAMA.Both groups received usual rehabilitation training,the intervention group did additional mental intervention.We tested them again with HAMD and HAMA at a week before leaving hospital.Results The prevalence proportion of anxiety and depression in the Industrial Injury worker were 63.7%and 42.5%,respectively.Each group reached significant reduction on total scores of HAMD and HAMA（P0.01）.The reduction in the intervention group was greater than in the control group（P0.01）.Conclusion Mental intervention can improve the feeling of anxiety and depression of the Industrial Injury worker.Mental intervention is a systemic project and it need support of each part of society.