大学生汉、英语条件下不同概念联系意识比较

Non-English majors’ awareness of thematic and taxonomic relations in English and Chinese

修正层级模型(therevised hierarchical model,简称RHM)认为,双语者在不同语言中通达共同语义记忆。为考察非英语专业一年级大学生是否在汉英两种语言条件下对主题关联和分类学联系有同样的意识模式,我们进行了记忆和自由回忆及迫选判断两项实验研究。结果表明,(1)受试对英语呈现概念词的表现不及汉语呈现概念词;(2)虽然在汉语条件下,受试对主题关联和分类学联系的敏感性程度不分伯仲,但在英语条件下,他们对分类学联系的意识相对主题关联联系较强。由此得出结论:对于第二语言能力较低的双语者来说,RHM中所指的共享语义记忆应该是类似分类学联系概念这样的普遍性知识,难以囊括主题关联联系概念这样的文化专门性知识。

The revised hierarchical model (RHM) states that bilinguals could access common semantic memory in different languages. To investigate whether first year non-English majors could have the same pattern of awareness of thematic and taxonomic relations in different languages, two experiments were conducted. Consistent with the prediction of RHM, the participants’ performance was relatively poorer for the stimuli presented in English than in Chinese in both the task of memory and free recall and the task of forced-choice decision making. Inconsistent with RHM, however, they had a similar strength of awareness of thematic associations to that of taxonomic relations when the stimuli were presented in Chinese, which is in agreement with Lin and Murphy (2001), but their awareness of taxonomic relations was significantly stronger than that of thematic associations when the stimuli were presented in English. It was concluded that the common semantic memory in RHM could only refer to the universal knowledge representations such as those of taxonomic relations but not those of thematic associations, at least for low-proficiency bilinguals.