HRT及氮素负荷对厌氧氨氧化系统的影响

Influence of HRT and nitrogen load on an ANAMMOX system

为了考察水力停留时间(HRT)、氮素负荷(NH4+-N和NO2--N)对厌氧氨氧化系统处理效果的影响,通过启动试验、HRT影响试验、NH4+-N负荷试验、NO2--N负荷试验,以好氧硝化污泥、厌氧污泥、花园土壤渗出液为接种污泥,历经114d培养厌氧氨氧化反应器成功启动.结果表明:①系统HRT过短会导致含氮污染物去除不完全,HRT过长则污泥可能已经解体,取HRT为10d是合理的;②厌氧氨氧化系统HRT、微生物总量确定的情况下,系统NH4+-N氧化能力也随之确定,以污泥负荷描述厌氧氨氧化系统NH4+-N氧化能力较为恰当,控制进水NH4+-N污泥负荷小于0.009g.g-1.d-1;③高NO2--N负荷对厌氧氨氧化系统中NH4+-N氧化步骤不产生明显抑制影响,但当NO2--N负荷大于14g.m-3.d-1后,会对厌氧氨氧化系统中NO2--N还原步骤产生抑制,所以控制进水NO2--N容积负荷小于14g.m-3.d-1或折合为污泥负荷0.018g.g-.1d-1是合适的.本研究对厌氧氨氧化系统的设计、运行、管理控制有重要参考意义.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of hydraulic retention time （HRT） and nitrogen （NH4^＋-N and NO2^--N） load on an anaerobic ammonium oxidation（ANAMMOX）system. The ANAMMOX reactor was successfully started after a period of 114 days of cultivation,using aerobic nitrification sludge,anaerobic sludge,and garden soil exudate as inoculated sludge. We conducted start-up tests,tests of HRT,and tests of nitrogen （NH4^＋-N and NO2^--N） load. The following conclusions have been drawn based on analysis of the data：① The reasonable length of HRT in this system is 10 d,and shorter and longer than that will induce incomplete removal of nitrogen-containing pollutants,and sludge disintegration,respectively; ② Under the optimum ANAMMOX system HRT and total micro-organism loading,the NH＋4-N oxidation capacity of the system was determined,and it can be described by sludge loading,which controls the influent NH＋4-N and is less than 0.009 g·g^-1·d^-1; ③ High NO2^--N load does not inhibit NH4^＋-N oxidation in the ANAMMOX system,but inhibits NH4^＋-N reduction when NO2^--N load is higher than 14 g·m^-3·d^-1,therefore it is appropriate to control the influent NH4^＋-N lower than 14 g·m^-3·d^-1,or 0.018 g·g^-1·d^-1,if converted into sludge loading. The results of this study have important reference value for the design,operation,management and control of ANAMMOX systems.