论多民族国家中的民族认同与国家认同

The Identity Concerning of Nationality and State Identity in Multinational State

如何看待民族认同与国家认同的关系,逐渐成为族际政治研究中的一个焦点话题。文章从个体认同的多重性、民族认同问题产生的根源两个角度,论证了在冲突视角下,将民族认同与国家认同视为矛盾和对立事物的理论观点的不科学性和误导性。科学地认识二者之间的关系,需要一种和谐视角。这种视角认为,民族认同与国家认同存在价值共识和功能上的相互依赖关系,在社会实践中可以和谐共存;二者统一的路径是构建能够有效整合民族异质性与国家统一性的公民身份,完善公民权制度。

How to understand the relationship between the identity concerning of nationality and state identity is becoming a hot topic in ethnic politics.From the view of multiplicity of individual identity and origin of problem of national identity,this paper demonstrates that the theoretical viewpoints that hold that contradiction between ethnic identity and national identity from conflict perspective is unscientific and misleading.A scientific understand of this relationship needs a harmonious perspective.Harmonious perspective includes following aspects that there is a consensus about value and functional interdependence between identity concerning of nationality and state identity;they can coexist in the social practice harmoniously;the path to unify them is to construct citizenship which integrates heterogeneous elements concerning of nationality with national unity.