基础教育阶段学校评估的国际比较

Assessment of School at Elementary Education Stage:An international Perspective

现代学校评估在坚持以政府督导促进学校发展的目标导向下,其功能和内涵从教育问责更多转向学校发展效益的评定,并呈现出以下发展特点:在组织模式上,强调政府督导与学校自评相结合、国家统一标准与地方自主实践相结合,并由具有一定独立性的机构开展评估工作;在评估内容上,重视对办学效益的评估、对学生结果表现的关注、对学校发展多元化的引导、对学校自身"增值性"的纵向评估;在评估程序和方法上,注重向学校提供信息服务和资源支持,采用科学专业手段收集数据并公布学校评估结果。借鉴国际学校评估的发展趋势,我国现阶段的中小学学校评估工作需要努力构建从中央到地方不同功能和职责的组织体系和网络,加强专业化队伍建设,并着力发展专业性程序和技术。

The function and goal of modern school assessment, under the orientation of school development goal promoted and superintended by the Government, has to a large extent swung from education responsibility to development efficiency. This bears the following characteristics. From the perspective of organization pattern, there is an emphasis on the combination between government superintendence and school self--assessment, and that between a national unitary standard and local autonomous practices, with some independent organizations that implement the assessment work. In regard to the assessment content, there is a serious valuation in school efficiency, in students＇ performance, in the guidance of multivariate advances, and in the longitudinal evaluation of a school＇s self ＂increment＂. With respect to the assessment procedure and methodology, there is a special attention to providing information service and resource support to schools, and to adopting scientific and professional means to collect data and publicize the assessment results. In fact, we should learn from the rele- vant experience of the advanced overseas schools, and strive to set up an organization system and network for different functions and responsibilities for assessing primary and middle schools along the line from the central Government to the locals, strengthen the professional team construction, and exert efforts in professional procedure and technology.