中国历史民俗学的理论与方法论纲

Theory and Methodology in Historical Folkloristics in China

历史民俗学是中国民俗学学科体系的重要组成部分,它是关于民俗事象的历史研究与历史社会民俗事象、民俗记述及民俗评论的研究,通常包含民俗史、民俗学史、文献民俗志三方面。它与历史社会学与历史人类学有着密切的联系,但又具有自己的学术特点。历史民俗学概念最早出现在日本民俗学界,钟敬文是中国历史民俗学的倡导者与建设者。历史民俗学有自己特定的研究范围、学科特征与研究方法,是一门正在生长的新型学科,它在中国民俗学研究中有着独特的学术意义。

Historical folkloristics is an important part of the Chinese folkloristic system. It is about the historical study of folklore events, and the study of the folklore events, folklore descriptions, and folklore comments in history. The study is generally divided into three aspects： history of folklore, history of folkloristies, and folklore documents. Besides the consan- guineous relations with historical sociology and historical anthropology, historical folkloristics has its own academic features. The earliest concept of historical folkloristics came from Japanese folklorists, tn China, ZHONG Jing--wen is the pioneer and erector Of the Chinese historical folkloristics. The discipline has its own areas, features, and methods. It is a new, ad- vancing subject that has special academic significance in the general Chinese folkloristic studies.