义务教育财政效率评价:方法及比较

Compulsory Educational Expenditure Efficiency:Measurement Methods and Comparison

"效率财政"是各国政府所追求的目标。义务教育财政投入应该和教育产出尤其是教育质量的提高联系在一起,如何准确地计量义务教育财政效率近年来成为国内学术界一个热点难点问题,主要的评价方法有指标法、教育增值法和前沿效率分析方法。这几种方法具有不同的适用性条件和优缺点。比较而言,指标法适于对政府评价,而教育增值法和前沿效率分析方法更加适合对学校的评价。教育增值法因其有许多优点,将是未来学校效率研究的一个热点,应该得到更多的关注。

Educational expenditure should be assured to contribute to the improvement of educational quality. Yet how to measure precisely the efficiency of compulsory educational expenditure is a hot issue among researchers in recent years. There are some principal methods for it, including the methods of comprehensive indicators, Educational Value--added Measurement {VAM}, and DEA＆ SFA, each of which has its due strong points and weak points, and should be applied to different situations. Comparatively speaking, indicator method is more suitable to evaluate the governments, while others are better to assess the schools. Prospectively, VAM research will be the tide of school efficiency study, and hence needs more attention.