论竞技的理念与秩序——以马克思人性观为视野

A Study on the Idea and Order of Competition——from the Perspective of Marxist Humanity Theory

竞技理念规定着竞技活动的具体发展,并塑造着竞技活动的主体——人。因此,要想将"以人为本"的时代精神贯彻到竞技当中,并通过竞技培育"自由而全面发展"的个人,首先应当对竞技理念进行提升。同时,竞技理念与竞技秩序是"内"与"外"的辩证统一关系,竞技理念的实现要求竞技秩序提供外部环境,这又带来了探讨竞技秩序问题的必要性。本文即立足马克思的人性观——这一人本思想的最高成果,反思流行的竞技理念,试提出使其合理化重构的建议,进而分析相应的竞技秩序,希望能为竞技活动的人本化发展提供某种参考。

The competition idea prescribes the concrete development of competitive activities and then shapes the subject of competitive activities—the human-beings.Therefore,if we want to apply the spirit of people first to completion,and cultivate ＂free and all-around＂ individuals through completion,we must upgrade the ideas of competition.Meanwhile,idea and order of competition is dialectically unified as a inner-outside relationship.The realization of competition idea requires the outer environment provided by order,which brings out the necessity of discussing competition order.This paper,based on Marxist humanity theory which is the supreme achievement of humanity,reviews the prevalent competition idea and makes proposals for its rational restructuring,and then analyzes the corresponding competition order in the hope of bringing forward a certain reference for the humanization of competitive activities.