糖尿病周围神经病变的筛查与诊断方法

Screening and diagnostic methods of diabetic peripheral neuropathy

糖尿病周围神经病变是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一，目前其筛查和诊断方法较多，包括各种临床评分方法、单丝、音叉检查等。而确诊需要神经传导功能检查（NCS）、定量感觉检查（QST）、神经活检及皮肤活检等。另外一些新的早期诊断技术，如角膜共聚焦显微镜、激光多普勒血流仪、脊髓核磁共振成像（MRI）、皮温计、经皮氧张力法（TcPO2）、欧米诺（Neuropad）等也已在临床应用，现介绍各种检查方法，并进行比较。

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common chronic diabetic complications. At present, there are many screening and diagnostic methods for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, including a variety of clinical scoring methods, monofi]ament, tuning fork test. But its confirmation needs nerve conduction function tests（NCS） ,quantitative sensory testing（QST） ,nerve biopsy,skin biopsy and so on. Additionally, early diagnosis using some new technologies such as corneal confocal microscopy, laser Doppler flowmetry, spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging, skin temperature measurement, transeutaneous oxygen tension （Tc- PO2 ） and the Neuropad has begun to be used in clinic. This article describes a variety of inspection methods, and compares their advantages and shortcomings.