免疫印迹法检测老年2型糖尿病患者血清胰岛自身抗体的临床价值

Determination of islet autoantibodies in elderly diabetic patients by immunoblotting test

目的评价免疫印迹法检测老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛自身抗体(IAA)的临床价值。方法采用免疫印迹(IB)法和酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法分别检测350例老年2型糖尿病患者和120例健康对照组血清谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)、胰岛细胞抗体(ICA)和IAA,比较不同方法检测胰岛相关抗体的阳性率。结果在老年2型糖尿病患者中,IB法检测GADA阳性患者为56例,ELISA法检测阳性患者为38例,IB法检测的阳性率要明显高于ELISA法,而2种方法检测ICA、IAA的阳性率比较无明显差异。2种方法检测病程≥5年患者GADA、ICA的阳性率均低于病程<5年患者,但IB法检测GADA的阳性率要高于ELISA法。结论IB法在检测老年2型糖尿病患者IAA尤其是GADA的敏感性要优于ELISA法。

ObjectiveTo estimate the value of immunoblotting test in detecting islet autoantibodies （IAA） of elderly diabetic patients.MethodsThree hundred and fifty elderly diabetic patients and one hundred and twenty healthy people were measured for autoantibodies：glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody（GADA）,islet cell antibody （ICA）and IAA with immunoblotting test and ELISA respectively.ResultsThe positive rate of GADA with immunoblotting test was higher than that with ELISA in elderly diabetic patients whereas there were no significant differences in the positive rates of ICA and IAA between two methods. The positive rates of GADA and ICA in patients with a course more than five years were lower than patients with a course less than five years with two methods. The positive rate of GADA with immunoblotting test was higher than that with ELISA in patients with a course more than five years.ConclusionsThe sensibility of immunoblotting test was better than ELISA in detecting IAA in elderly diabetic patients, especially for GADA.