明初文化政策与洪、成年间曲坛

Cultural Policy of Early Days Impacted on Opera Realm in the Period of Hongwu to Chenghua of Ming Dynasty

为巩固其统治,明初朝廷对曲坛做出严格规定。在洪武至成化年间,在政权高效运转的情况之下,这些规定发挥着较强的约束力,已经深入影响到了此一时段不同地域、不同身份的剧作家,而且其对曲坛造成的萧条状况是多层面的,除了戏曲理论贫乏、戏曲作家甚少外,戏曲扮演者的身份与戏曲表现的内容也呈现出单一化的局面。此种状况,对政权的维系来说,呈正面;而对戏曲的发展来说,则是负面的。

The thesis integrates history of system, history of literature and history of culture, so as to ascertain the approaches and effect of cultural policy impacting opera realm. In the early days, Emperors imposed strict restrictions on traditional opera realm, which held sway in Hongwu to Chenghua of the Ming dynasty. The cultural policy had impacted authors of different status and from different districts. At the same time, it brought sparseness about theory and authors of traditional opera. In this Period, the perforrner＇s identity was only actors, and the contents of traditional opera were singleness.