落叶松-杨栅锈菌夏孢子萌发条件研究

Germination Conditions of Urediospores of Melampsora larici-populina

以落叶松-杨栅锈菌（Melampsora larici-populina）的Th053（Th）和Gl051（Gl）菌系为材料,通过研究不同温度、不同琼脂糖浓度及叶片浸出液对夏孢子萌发的影响,分析影响夏孢子萌发的因素。结果表明：（1）在供试温度范围（0~30℃）内,琼脂糖浓度对夏孢子萌发没有显著影响,但最高温度（32℃）时,高琼脂糖浓度对夏孢子的萌发有明显的促进作用;（2）夏孢子萌发的最适温度为20℃,最低萌发温度为5℃,最高萌发温度为32℃,高于32℃几乎不萌发。在最适温度下,Th菌系6~8 h萌发速率最大,24 h累计萌发率达63.40%;Gl菌系4~6 h萌发速率最大,前24 h累计萌发率达60.28%;（3）不同浓度的太白杨叶片浸出液对该锈菌夏孢子萌发有不同程度的影响,10 g.L-1的水浸液对夏孢子萌发有明显的促进作用,但高浓度的水浸液、叶组织粉碎抽取液对夏孢子萌发具有抑制作用。

The roles of temperatures,agarose concentrations and foliages water extracts to the germination of urediospores of Melampsora larici-populina were studied.The results showed（1） Agarose concentration didn＇t have significant effect on urediospore germination while the temperature was blew 30℃.But high agarose concentration promoted urediospores germination at the temperature of 32℃.（2） The optimal temperature was 20℃.The lowest germination temperature was below 5℃ and the uploaded temperature was 32℃.At the optimal temperature conditions,germinating speed of isolate Th053 was the highest during culturing 6~8 h,and the 24 h accumulation germination rate reached 63.40%.Isolate Gl051 germination speed at 4~6 h was the highest,and the 24 h accumulation germinating rate reached 60.28%.（3） Concentrations of the water extracts had different effect to urediospores germination.Water extract concentration at 10 g·L-1 promoted obviously the rate of urediospores germination,however,concentrations higher than 10 g·L-1 of water extracts and crushed foliages tissue extracts inhibited urediospores germinating.