人口变动对干旱区生态环境的影响及作用机制——以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例

The Interaction Mechanism between Population Dynamics and Environmental Degradation in Manasi River Watershed

本文以建国后新疆开垦的最大人工绿洲——玛纳斯河流域为例,分析了干旱区人口变动与生态环境演变之间的主要作用机制以及存在的主要矛盾。认为人口数量增长引起的资源环境压力,是导致干旱区环境退化的主要人为诱因,不均匀的人口空间分布模式则加剧了这种资源环境压力,而人口的素质状况则决定了人口资源环境压力下最终的环境演化方向。

This paper analyzes the impact path of population dynamics on environment in arid area of Xinjiang by taking Manasi River Watershed as a case, and points out that the environmental pressure caused by population growth is the major stimulating factor of environmental degradation, while population quality determines the final outcome and direction.of environmental evolution.