宁夏南部山区温室冬茬茄子产量的水·肥耦合模式研究

Study on the Coupling Model of Water and Fertilizer for the Greenhouse Eggplant Yield in Winter Cropping in Ningxia Southern Mountain Region

[目的]研究宁夏南部山区温室冬茬茄子产量的水、肥耦合模式,为宁夏南部山区设施农业蔬菜规范以及节本增效栽培提供参考。[方法]运用二次通用旋转组合设计,对影响宁夏南部山区日光温室冬茬茄子产量的主要栽培因素灌水量、施N量、施K量进行了数学模拟。[结果]3因素对冬茬茄子产量作用效果明显,水分和钾素对茄子产量总体表现为负效应,氮素表现为正效应,3因素对茄子产量主效应影响大小顺序为钾素>氮素>水分;单因素效果表明,随着灌水量的增加,茄子产量逐渐增加,当灌水量为8250m3/hm2时,产量最高,为159253.5kg/hm2,之后随着灌水量的增加,茄子产量逐渐下降;随着施N量的增加,茄子产量显著增加,当施N量为900kg/hm2时,产量最高,为158782.5kg/hm2,之后随着施N量的增加,茄子产量逐渐下降;随着施K量的增加,茄子产量逐渐增加,当施K量为712kg/hm2时,产量最高,为160195.5kg/hm2,之后随着施K量的增加,茄子产量显著下降。[结论]宁夏南部山区日光温室冬茬茄子产量大于151105.5kg/hm2时,3因素的推荐指标为灌水量7500～8000m3/hm2,施N量900～950kg/hm2,施K量850～900kg/hm2。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the coupling model of water and fertilizer for the yield of winter eggplant in greenhouse in Ningxia southern mountain region and provide reference for the criteria and cost-saving cultivation of agriculture vegetables in Ningxia southern mountain region.[Method] By using quadratic general rotary unitized design,the mathematics simulation was made on the main cultivation factors （irrigated amount,N application amount,K application amount） that affected the greenhouse eggplant yield in winter cropping in Ningxia southern mountain region.[Result] Three cultivated factors had obvious effects on the eggplant yield in winter cropping and the water and K showed negative effects on the eggplant yield generally.And N showed the positive effect.The order of the influences of three factors on the eggplant yield was as：potassiumnitrogenwater.The single factor effect showed that the eggplant yield increased gradually with the irrigated amount when the irrigation amount was lower than 8 250 m3/hm2.When the irrigation amount was 8 250 m3/hm2,the eggplant yield was the highest,being 159 253.5 kg/hm2.And then the eggplant yield decreased gradually with the irrigated amount.When N application amount was lower than 900 kg/hm2,the eggplant yield increased significantly with the increase of N application amount.When N application amount was 900 kg/hm2,the eggplant yield was the highest,being 158 782.5 kg/hm2.And then the eggplant yield decreased gradually with N application amount.When K application amount was lower than 712 kg/hm2,the eggplant yield increased gradually with K application amount.When K application amount was 712 kg/hm2,the eggplant yield was the highest,being 160 195.5 kg/hm2.And then the eggplant yield decreased significantly with K application amount.[Conclusion] When the greenhouse eggplant yield in winter cropping in Ningxia southern mountain region,it was recommended that the irrigated amount was 7 500-8 000 m3/hm2,N application amount was 900-950 kg/hm2 and K application amount was 850-900 kg/hm2.