枸杞多种同工酶水平的遗传多样性分析

Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Chinese Wolfberry at the Levels of Various Isozyme

[目的]利用3种同工酶标记进行枸杞的遗传多样性检测,选择出适合枸杞遗传多样性研究的同工酶遗传标记。[方法]利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,检测枸杞属中宁夏枸杞和黑果枸杞过氧化物同工酶(PER)、酯酶同工酶(EST)及超氧化物歧化酶同工酶(SOD)的表达,对电泳结果进行数据分析。[结果]通过对宁夏枸杞和黑果枸杞PER、EST及SOD电泳检测显示,在2种枸杞中EST检测到2个基因位点,3个等位基因,差异不显著;SOD检测到1个基因位点且2种枸杞间无差异;PER检测到6个基因位点,12个等位基因,差异显著,遗传信息量丰富。选取PER作为枸杞遗传多样性指标,对其进行数据分析,得出宁夏枸杞等位基因平均数为1.756,多态位点百分比为60.0%,平均期望杂合度0.080;黑果枸杞等位基因平均数为1.787,多态位点百分比为80.3%,平均期望杂合度0.154。[结论]在3种同工酶中,EST和SOD携带的遗传信息有限,而PER所含信息丰富且差异显著,可作为枸杞同工酶遗传多样性标记。通过对过氧化物酶同工酶数据分析可以看出,黑果枸杞的各指标均高于宁夏枸杞;酶谱条带亦显示,黑果枸杞遗传多样性水平高于宁夏枸杞。

[Objective] The isozyme genetic markers suitable for the research on the genetic diversity of Chinese wolfberry were chosen through the detection of its genetic diversity with three kinds of isozyme markers.[Method] The expression of the black-peroxidase isozymes（PER）,esterase isozymes（EST） and superoxide dismutase isozymes（SOD） of Ningxia Chinese wolfberry and black-fruit Chinese wolfberry was detected with the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,and is the testing data were analyzed.[Results] The result indicated that there were two gene loci and 3 alleles detected in the two varieties：Ningxia Chinese wolfberry and black-fruit Chinese wolfberry with EST testing;and the difference in the two varieties was not significant.A gene loci without difference was detected with SOD testing.6 gene loci and 12 alleles were detected with of PER testing and there were significant difference in these loci alleles between the two varieties,showing rich genetic information.The PER being selected as indicators of genetic diversity of Chinese wolfberry,its data analysis indicated that an average of alleles of Ningxia Chinese wolfberry was 1.756;the percentage of polymorphic loci was 60.0% and the average expected heterozygosity was 0.080.In black-fruit Chinese wolfberry,the mean of alleles was 1.787;the percentage of polymorphic loci,80.3% and the average expected heterozygosity,0.154.[Conclusion] In the three kinds of isozymes,the genetic information from EST and SOD testing was limited,while the rich genetic information with significant difference could be produced through the PER testing,which can be used as the isozyme markers of genetic diversity of Chinese wolfberry.By the analysis of the data from peroxidase isozyme,it can been seen that all indicators of black-fruit Chinese wolfberry was higher than these of Ningxia Chinese wolfberry and the level of genetic diversity of black-fruit Chinese wolfberry was higher than that of Ningxia Chinese wolfberry from the isozyme band.