成都平原2008年水稻稻曲病重发生的气象条件分析

Analysis on Meteorological Conditions in 2008 that Caused Heavy Rice False Smut in Chengdu Plain

[目的]为预防水稻稻曲病提供参考。[方法]根据2008年8月中旬成都平原西部稻田实地调查资料,结合2008年7月下旬和8月上旬的气候条件,对成都平原水稻稻曲病发生流行的原因进行了分析。[结果]2008年7月下旬和8月上旬水稻抽穗扬花期成都市气温持续下降,7月底～8月上旬气温降至25℃以下;2008年7月下旬～8月上旬成都市各测站有雨日为14d左右,8月上旬中期以后,空气相对湿度在90%以上,日照时数只接近常年平均值的1/2,植株同化作用减慢,呼吸量减少,组织柔嫩,抗病力降低。[结论]适宜的气候条件是水稻稻曲病发生流行的主要原因。

[Objective] The study was to provide the reference for precluding rice false smut.[Method] According to the field survey data from rice field in western Chengdu in the second ten days of August in 2008 and the climate condition in the last ten days of July and the first ten days of August in 2008.The cause of occurrence and epidemic of rice false smut in Chengdu plain was analyzed.[Result] The temperature of Chengdu in the last ten days of July and the first ten days of August （heading and flowering period of rice） in 2008 was decreased continuously,and it was lower than 25 ℃ from the end of July to the first ten days of August.The rain days from the last ten days of July to the first ten days of August in Chengdu was about 14 d.After middle stage of the first ten days of August,the air relative humidity was above 90% and the sunshine hour was only close to 1/2 of that in normal year.So the assimilation of the plants became slower and their respiration rate was reduced and their disease resistance was decreased with tenella tissue.[Conclusion] The suitable climate condition was the main cause of occurrence and epidemic of rice false smut.