氮肥配施秸秆和厩肥对土壤易矿化氮和微生物态氮的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Combined Application of Straw and Manure on Easily Mineralizing Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Nitrogen in Soil

[目的]通过田间试验研究氮肥配施秸秆和厩肥对冬小麦季土壤易矿化态氮和微生物态氮的影响。[方法]试验设7个处理:不施秸秆、氮肥和厩肥;单施氮肥;麦秸+氮肥;麦秸加倍+氮肥;麦秸+氮肥+厩肥;玉米秸秆+麦秸+氮肥;玉米秸秆+麦秸+氮肥+厩肥,以此来研究氮肥配施秸秆和厩肥对冬小麦季土壤易矿化态氮和微生物态氮的影响。[结果]在氮肥配施秸秆和厩肥下,冬小麦季土壤易矿化态氮和土壤微生物态氮数量均以冬前数量为最高,追施氮肥配施秸秆与厩肥对土壤易矿化态氮和土壤微生物态氮数量虽有增加,但增加幅度不大。[结论]通过氮肥配施秸秆和厩肥能够增加冬前土壤矿化态氮和微生物态氮的含量,对补充冬小麦返青后土壤无机态氮的不足,提高氮肥利用率具有重要意义。

[Objective] The field experiment were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined application of straw and manure on soil easily mineralizing nitrogen in the winter wheat season.[Method] Seven treatments of no application of nitrogen fertilizer,straw and manure,nitrogen fertilizer,nitrogen fertilizer and wheat straw,nitrogen fertilizer and double wheat straw,nitrogen fertilizer,wheat straw and manure,nitrogen fertilizer,wheat and corn straw,nitrogen fertilizer,manure,wheat and corn straw were set up to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined application of straw and manure on soil easily mineralizing nitrogen in the winter wheat season.[Result] Under the treatments of nitrogen fertilizer combined application of straw and manure,the amount of soil easily mineralizing nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen before breaking were highest in the whole winter wheat season,and decreased after breaking,and there were little increase after nitrogen topdressing.[Conclusion] Nitrogen fertilizer combined application of straw and manure could increase the content of soil mineralizing nitrogen and biological nitrogen before winter.And it was of important significance for supplying the deficiency of inorganic nitrogen in soil after returning and increasing the nitrogen utilization rate.