厌氧流化床处理白酒废水的动力学研究

Dynamic Research on Processing Distilled Spirit Wastewater by Using Anaerobic Fluidized-bed

[目的]为厌氧流化床(AFB)的优化设计提供理论依据。[方法]采用自行设计的AFB反应器,废水水样取自某白酒厂的锅底水,接种污泥取自泸州老窖污水处理站的剩余活性污泥,通过建立数学模型对处理过程进行了动力学研究。[结果]利用Monod方程建立的基质降解速率动力学模型为μ=μmax.S/(Ks+S),稳态下动力学模型为μ=(dX/dt)/X,式中μ为比增长速率(h-1),X为微生物平均浓度(g/L);μmax为最大比增长速率(h-1);Ks为饱和常数(g/L);S为反应器内基质浓度(g/L)。μ=Kv,式中v为基质降解速率(g/(L.h));K为速度常数。基质降解速率与比增长速率的关系式为dS/dt=-(1/K).(dX/dt).X=-(1/K).[μmax.S/(Ks+S)].X。白酒废水的气相色谱-质谱分析表明,其中含有高级脂肪酸和高级醇,影响基质降解速率和微生物生长速率。当废水中存在难厌氧生物降解物质时,Monod方程修正为μ=μmax.(S-Sn)/[Ks+(S-Sn)],式中Sn为难生物降解物质的浓度(g/L)。试验结果的直线相关系数R为0.9577。[结论]该研究为AFB在白酒废水处理中的应用奠定了理论基础。

[Objective] The purpose was to provide theoretical foundation for the optimized design of anaerobic fluidized-bed （AFB）.[Method] The self-designed AFB reactor was used,the wastewater samples were collected from the bottom pot water of a liquor factory,the seed sludge was collected from the residual activated sludge of sewage disposal station of Luzhou old cellar,and then the dynamic research was performed on the processing course by establishing mathematic model.[Result] By using Monod equation,the established dynamic model of degrading rate of medium was μ=μmax·S/（Ks＋S）,and it was μ=（dX/dt）/X under steady state,in which μ meant specific incremental rate （h-1）,X meant average concn.of microbes,μmax meant maximum specific incremental rate （h-1）,Ks meant saturation constant （g/L） and S meant medium concn.in reactor （g/L）.In the formulation μ=Kv,v meant degrading rate of medium （g/（L·h）） and K meant rate constant.The relational expression between the degrading rate of medium and the specific incremental rate was dS/dt=-（1/K）·（dX/dt）·X=-（1/K）· [μmax·S/（Ks＋S）]·X.The GC-MS analysis on distilled spirit wastewater showed that it contained higher fatty acid and higher alcohols which affected the degrading rate of medium and the growth rate of microbes.When there was refractory compound for anaerobic organism in wastewater,Monod equation was modified to be μ=μmax·（S-Sn）/[Ks＋（S-Sn）],in which Sn meant concn.of biorefractory compound （g/L）.The linear correlation coefficient （R） of experimental results was 0.957 7.[Conclusion] This research laid a theoretical foundation for the application of AFB in processing distilled spirit wastewater.