原子转移自由基细乳液聚合

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in Miniemulsion

本文从正向、反向、同时正向/反向、电子转移活化剂等不同原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)细乳液引发体系的角度,综述了近年来国内外关于ATRP细乳液聚合的研究进展。在细乳液体系中进行正向ATRP,聚合可控性不理想;反向ATRP相对适合于细乳液体系,其缺点是表面活性剂用量较大;同时正向/反向引发体系的ATRP中催化剂用量大为减少,并且聚合具有良好的可控性;电子转移活化剂(AGET)ATRP是通过电子转移反应来还原过渡金属的氧化态,克服了同时正向/反向ATRP中需要引入自由基引发剂的缺点。

Recent progress in atom transfer radical polymerization（ATRP） in miniemulsion is reviewed in terms of different initiator systems such as normal ATRP,reverse ATRP,simultaneous reverse and normal initiation（SNNI） ATRP and activator generated by electron transfer（AGET） ATRP.The system of normal ATRP in miniemulsion is unstable.Reverse initiation system is fit for polymerization in miniemulsion,but large amount of surfactant is used.Though small amount of catalyst is used in SNNI system,polymerization still keeps well controlled.Electronic transfer reaction is used in AGET ATRP to reduce oxide state of transition metal,in which no initiator is needed unlike in the SNNI system.