大鼠子宫内膜炎模型的建立及其动态病理学观察

Establishment and dynamic histopathology observation of rats model with endometritis

【目的】建立大鼠子宫内膜炎模型，为子宫内膜炎的发病机理及其预防治疗研究提供合适的动物病理模型。【方法】将30只清洁级雌性大鼠随机分为感染组（22只）和对照组（8只），采用手术法给大鼠子宫腔内感染致病性大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌（菌液体积比为2：1：1）的混合菌液，对照组大鼠未感染致病菌的混合菌液。分别于感染后第3，6，9，12天剖杀大鼠，检测其大体剖检病变和组织病理学变化，计算子宫指数，并对子宫内容物病原菌进行分离鉴定。【结果】感染后3～12d，感染组大鼠子宫指数均较对照组大鼠极显著增加（P〈O．01），感染大鼠子宫出现急性卡他性炎症（感染后第3天和第6天）、化脓性炎症（感染后第9天）和慢性增生性炎症（感染后第12天）；感染前期可见子宫内膜上皮细胞脱落，黏膜层水肿、充血、出血，炎症细胞浸润；感染后期可见肌层增厚等病变。【结论】采用手术法成功建立了大鼠子宫内膜炎模型，且感染后第3天为造模成功的最佳时间。

[Objective] The research was to establish animal model of endometritis in rats to study the pathogenesis of the cow endometriosis, and to provide an in vitro model for prevention and treatment of the disease. [Method] 30 clean female rats were randomly divided into inoculated group with 22 and control group with 8. The mixed pathogenic bacteria of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae （bacteria liquid volume proportion was 2 ： 1 ： 1） were inoculated into uterine cavity using surgery method,while the control group was not inoculated. The macroscopic anatomical lesions, histopatho- logical change and uterine index were detected on the 3rd, 6th,9th, 12th day post inoculation （d. p. i. ）,and pathogenic bacteria were isolated from uterine elution at different time points also. [Result] The uterine index of infected rats increased more significantly than that of the control on the 3rd to 12th days post inoculation（P〈0.01）. Uterus of infected rats showed acute catarrhal inflammation （3 and 6 d. p. i. ）,suppurative inflammation （9 d. p. i. ） and chronic proliferative inflammation （12 d. p. i. ） with the progress of the infection. The damage of uterus including uterine epithelial cells shedding, hyperaemia, haemorrhage, and in- flammation cells infiltrates was observed at early stage of infection,and muscularis thickening was shown later on. [Conclusion] Rat model of endometritis was established by using surgery method,and the appro-priate time for development of rat model of endometritis was on the 3rd day post inoculation.