当代西方国际移民理论再探讨

A Reflection on Contemporary Western International Migration Theory

21世纪以来,西方学界围绕国际移民的研究在深度与广度上均明显拓展,既积累了丰富的实证资料,也为建构国际移民理论体系而孜孜探求。其基本理论大致可以区分出三种取向:强调市场导向的经济理性选择论;注重政治内涵的文明冲突论;强调全球化趋向的跨国主义论。在国际移民的未来发展中,应该特别重视三个趋向,即劳动全球化的必然性,族群冲突的可能性,以及跨国主义对于传统民族观和国家观具有的严峻挑战性。

The Western academia has made significant new progress on the study of international migration theory since the beginning of the 21st century. The academics have not only accumulated rich empirical data, but also made great efforts in building up an international migration theoretical system. The primary theoretical orientation can be divided into three categories： the theory of economic rational choice based on market-oriented consideration; the stress on clash of civilizations and the theory of transnationslism going along with the trend of globalization. With regard to future development of international migration, there are three trends to be highlighted i.e. the inevitability of the globalized labour market, the potentials of ethnic conflicts and the serious challenges towards traditional national consciousness that stems from the further spread of transnationalism.