正常人外鼻缺损种植区域三维测量

3D measurement of bone for nasal implants in normal adults

目的:为外鼻缺损的种植体植入提供影像解剖学资料。方法:使用mimics10.01软件对100例正常人(男性50例,女性50例)头颅螺旋CT三维重建影像进行测量。结果:(1)中切牙根尖至前鼻底最小距离均值为13.03mm(男),11.06mm(女),侧切牙根尖至前鼻底最小距离均值为15.95mm(男),13.04mm(女);(2)侧切牙区上颌骨腭突最小厚度均值为9.96mm;(3)中切牙区牙槽突上方最小骨厚度均值为11.12mm,侧切牙区牙槽突上方最小骨厚度均值为11.24mm;(4)眉间点位于窦腔部位时骨厚度均值为3.57mm。结论:前鼻底侧切牙区域为较佳种植区,常规可纵向植入2枚长度4～8mm种植体,种植方向可根据需要选择向前倾斜或者向后倾斜;当纵向骨量不足时,可选择于侧切牙区域横向植入2枚长度4～8mm的种植体;眉间点作为种植体植入部位应慎重。

Objective： To provide anatomic image data for ossointegrated implant for patients with nasal defect. Methods： 100 cases of （50 males, 50 females） 3D spiral CT images of normal bone of skull were measured with mimics 10.01 software. Results： The minimum distance between the root tips of central incisor and the anterior nasal floor was 13.0S in males and 11.06 in females. The minimum distance between the root tips of lateral incisor and the anterior nasal floor was 15.95 mm in males and 13.04 mm in females, the minimum thickness of palatine process 6mm inferior to piriform aperture was 9.96 mm, the minimum thickness of alveolus 6mm inferior to piriform aperture was 11.57 mm in males and 10.61 mm in females, the thickness of glabella adjoin to frontal sinus was 3.57mm. Conclusion ： The lateral incisor region is an optimal one for nasal implants 4 - 8 mm in length. The inclined direction can either be forward or backward. When the vertical bone depth is not enough, horizontal placement of the implants in the inferior region of piriform should be considered. 4 - 8 mm implants is suitable in this region. The glabella region is not optimal but an alternative option for nasal implants.